A simple library-based package manager.

Introduction

pacman is a utility which manages software packages in Linux. It uses simple compressed files as a package format, and maintains a text-based package database (more of a hierarchy), just in case some hand tweaking is necessary.

pacman does not strive to "do everything." It will add, remove and upgrade packages in the system, and it will allow you to query the package database for installed packages, files and owners. It also attempts to handle dependencies automatically and can download packages from a remote server.

History

Version 2.0 of pacman introduced the ability to sync packages (the --sync option) with a master server through the use of package databases. Prior to this, packages would have to be installed manually using the --add and --upgrade operations.

Version 3.0 was the switch to a two-part pacman — a back-end named libalpm (library for Arch Linux Package Management) and the familiar pacman front-end. Speed in many cases was improved, along with dependency and conflict resolution being able to handle a much wider variety of cases. The switch to a library-based program should also make it easier in the future to develop alternative front ends.

Version 4.0 added package signing and verification capabilities to the entire makepkg/repo-add/pacman toolchain via GnuPG and GPGME.

Version 5.0 added support for pre/post-transaction hooks and sync database file list operations.

Version 6.0 added support for parallel downloads.

Documentation

Man Pages

There are several man pages available for the programs, utilities, and configuration files dealing with pacman.

Changelog

For a good idea of what is going on in pacman development, take a look at the Git summary page for the project.

See the most recent NEWS file for a not-as-frequently-updated list of changes. However, this should contain the biggest changes in a format more concise than the commit log.

Releases

Version Date

6.1.0

2024-03-04

6.0.1

2021-09-04

6.0.0

2021-05-20

6.0.0alpha1

2020-12-04

5.2.1

2019-11-01

5.2.0

2019-10-21

5.1.3

2019-03-01

5.1.2

2018-12-25

5.1.1

2018-07-27

5.1.0

2018-05-28

5.0.2

2017-06-03

5.0.1

2016-02-23

5.0.0

2016-01-30

4.2.1

2015-02-20

4.2.0

2014-12-19

4.1.2

2013-06-18

4.1.1

2013-05-07

4.1.0

2013-04-01

4.1.0rc1

2013-03-09

4.0.3

2012-04-07

4.0.2

2012-02-11

4.0.1

2011-11-20

4.0.0

2011-10-13

4.0.0rc2

2011-09-22

4.0.0rc1

2011-08-11

3.5.4

2011-08-10

3.5.3

2011-06-07

3.5.2

2011-04-18

3.5.1

2011-03-23

3.5.0

2011-03-16

3.4.3

2011-01-22

3.4.2

2010-12-29

3.4.1

2010-09-03

3.4.0

2010-06-16

3.3.3

2009-11-10

3.3.2

2009-10-05

3.3.1

2009-09-22

3.3.0

2009-08-02

3.2.2

2009-01-05

3.2.1

2008-08-26

3.2.0

2008-07-30

3.1.4

2008-04-01
Version Date

3.1.3

2008-03-06

3.1.2

2008-02-20

3.1.1

2008-01-20

3.1.0

2008-01-09

3.0.6

2007-09-16

3.0.5

2007-06-17

3.0.4

2007-05-08

3.0.3

2007-04-28

3.0.2

2007-04-23

3.0.1

2007-04-04

3.0.0

2007-03-25

2.9.8

2006-02-02

2.9.7

2005-09-16

2.9.7-TEST3

2005-09-11

2.9.7-TEST2

2005-09-07

2.9.7-TEST

2005-08-19

2.9.6

2005-06-10

2.9.5

2005-01-11

2.9.4

2004-12-20

2.9.3

2004-12-19

2.9.2

2004-09-25

2.9.1

2004-09-25

2.9

2004-09-18

2.8.4

2004-08-23

2.8.3

2004-08-04

2.8.2

2004-07-22

2.8.1

2004-07-17

2.8

2004-07-03

2.7.9

2004-04-30

2.7.8

2004-04-29
Version Date

2.7.7

2004-04-15

2.7.6

2004-04-04

2.7.5

2004-03-02

2.7.4

2004-02-18

2.7.3

2004-02-07

2.7.2

2004-01-04

2.7.1

2003-12-21

2.7

2003-11-25

2.6.4

2003-10-17

2.6.3

2003-10-01

2.6.2

2003-09-29

2.6.1

2003-09-15

2.6

2003-09-03

2.5.1

2003-07-12

2.5

2003-05-30

2.4.1

2003-04-19

2.4

2003-04-11

2.3.2

2003-03-17

2.3.1

2003-03-14

2.3

2003-02-27

2.2

2002-12-11

2.1

2002-09-16

2.0

2002-08-09

1.23

2002-04-30

1.22

2002-04-12

1.21

2002-04-03

1.2

2002-03-18

1.1

2002-03-10

1.0

2002-02-25

Source code for releases since moving to gitlab is available at https://gitlab.archlinux.org/pacman/pacman/-/releases. Source code for historical releases is available at https://sources.archlinux.org/other/pacman/. To install, download the newest available source tarball, unpack it in a directory, and run the three magic commands:

$ meson build
$ ninja -C build
# ninja -C build install

You may wish to read the options presented by meson in order to set appropriate paths and build options that are correct for your system.

Development

Mailing List

There is a mailing list devoted to pacman development, hosted by Arch Linux. Subscribe or view the archives.

Source Code

Development of pacman is currently done in Git. The central repository is hosted by Arch Linux, although some of the developers have their own trees (ask on the above mailing lists if you are interested in finding the locations of these trees).

The current development tree can be fetched with the following command:

git clone https://gitlab.archlinux.org/pacman/pacman.git

which will fetch the full development history into a directory named pacman. You can browse the source as well using gitlab.

If you are interested in hacking on pacman, it is highly recommended you join the mailing list mentioned above, as well as take a quick glance at our HACKING document. submitting-patches is also a recommended read.

Not as familiar with code as you’d like to be, but still want to help out? If you speak a foreign language, you can help by either creating or updating a translation file for your native language. Instructions can be found in translation-help.

Bugs

If you find bugs (which is quite likely), please report them to the issue tracker at https://gitlab.archlinux.org/pacman/pacman/-/issues with specific information such as your command-line, the nature of the bug, and even the package database if it helps.

Copyright

pacman is Copyright © 2006-2024 Pacman Development Team <pacman-dev@lists.archlinux.org> and Copyright © 2002-2006 Judd Vinet <jvinet@zeroflux.org> and is licensed through the GNU General Public License, version 2 or later.